Table 1 Basic characteristics of participants by overweight status

Age (mean (SD))

34 (24)

23 (22)

45 (20)

< 0.001

Age group (%)

< 0.001

 < 30

38,409 (50%)

27,668 (73%)

10,741 (27%)

 30–59

22,661 (29%)

6,168 (16%)

16,493 (42%)

 ≥ 60

16,147 (21%)

4,270 (11%)

11,877 (30%)

Sex (%)

< 0.001

 Female

39,067 (51%)

19,181 (50%)

19,886 (51%)

 Male

38,150 (49%)

18,925 (50%)

19,225 (49%)

EOS number (1000 cells/uL)

(mean (SD))

0.22 (0.19)

0.22 (0.21)

0.21 (0.17)

< 0.001

EOS percentage (mean (SD))

3.04 (2.44)

3.22 (2.75)

2.85 (2.08)

0.958

Race (%)

< 0.001

 Mexican American

17,037 (22%)

8,419 (22%)

8,618 (22%)

 Non-Hispanic Black

17,840 (23%)

8,940 (23%)

8,900 (23%)

 Non-Hispanic White

29,081 (38%)

13,499 (35%)

15,582 (40%)

 Other Hispanic

6,318 (8.2%)

2,914 (7.6%)

3,404 (8.7%)

 Other Race

6,941 (9.0%)

4,334 (11%)

2,607 (6.7%)

Educational level (%)

< 0.001

 Under high school

12,512 (27%)

3,338 (24%)

9,174 (28%)

 High school or equivalent

10,873 (23%)

3,077 (22%)

7,796 (24%)

 Above high school

23,606 (50%)

7,543 (54%)

16,063 (49%)

Marital status (%)

< 0.001

 Non-single

28,717 (54%)

8,086 (45%)

20,631 (59%)

 Single

23,994 (46%)

9,708 (55%)

14,286 (41%)

PIR (mean (SD))

2.32 (1.60)

2.20 (1.60)

2.43 (1.60)

< 0.001

PIR group (%)

< 0.001

 < 1

18,279 (26%)

10,229 (29%)

8,050 (22%)

 ≥ 1

52,808 (74%)

25,027 (71%)

27,781 (78%)

BMI (mean (SD))

26 (7)

20 (3)

32 (6)

< 0.001

BMI group (%)

< 0.001

 Under weight

13,494 (17%)

13,494 (35%)

0 (0%)

 Normal weight

24,612 (32%)

24,612 (65%)

0 (0%)

 Overweight

19,549 (25%)

0 (0%)

19,549 (50%)

 Obesity

19,562 (25%)

0 (0%)

19,562 (50%)

Log2 Cotinine (ng/mL)

(mean (SD))

-2.1 (4.9)

-2.3 (4.7)

-1.9 (5.1)

0.157

Log2 Cotinine group (%)

< 0.001

 < 0.05

55,275 (75%)

26,901 (76%)

28,374 (74%)

 0.05-3

4,847 (6.6%)

2,870 (8.2%)

1,977 (5.1%)

 ≥ 3

13,631 (18%)

5,425 (15%)

8,206 (21%)

Creatinine (umol/L)

(mean (SD))

75 (35)

71 (33)

77 (36)

< 0.001

Plasma glucose (mmol/L)

(mean (SD))

5.81 (1.84)

5.38 (1.33)

6.08 (2.06)

< 0.001

LDL (mmol/L)

(mean (SD))

2.81 (0.91)

2.59 (0.85)

2.97 (0.92)

< 0.001

TCHOL (mmol/L)

(mean (SD))

4.75 (1.07)

4.46 (0.97)

4.99 (1.10)

< 0.001

HDL (mmol/L)

(mean (SD))

1.37 (0.39)

1.47 (0.38)

1.28 (0.37)

< 0.001

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

(mean (SD))

1.54 (1.27)

1.12 (0.81)

1.80 (1.43)

< 0.001

Alcohol drinker (%)

< 0.001

 Yes

29,953 (78%)

9,346 (82%)

20,607 (76%)

 No

8,489 (22%)

2,069 (18%)

6,420 (24%)

Diabetes (%)

< 0.001

 Yes

5,590 (7.2%)

836 (2.2%)

4,754 (12%)

 No

71,578 (93%)

37,246 (98%)

34,332 (88%)

Hypertension (%)

< 0.001

 Yes

16,271 (30%)

3,024 (17%)

13,247 (37%)

 No

37,876 (70%)

15,239 (83%)

22,637 (63%)

Coronary heart disease (%)

< 0.001

 Yes

1,888 (4.0%)

421 (3.0%)

1,467 (4.5%)

 No

44,961 (96%)

13,515 (97%)

31,446 (96%)

Asthma, n (%)

0.005

 Yes

11,261 (15%)

5,321 (14%)

5,940 (15%)

 No

65,887 (85%)

32,746 (86%)

33,141 (85%)