Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants
Characteristic | Overall (N = 2598) | Non-stone formers (n = 259) | Stone formers (n = 2339) | Test of significance | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
In(IBI) | 3(1,8) | 3(1,8) | 4(2,12) | DBKW = 3.195 | 0.004 |
BRI | 5.05(3.81,6.75) | 4.94(3.69,6.54) | 6.21(4.83,8.19) | DBKW = 6.020 | < 0.001 |
Age | \(\:{\chi\:}^{2}\)=11.108 | < 0.001 | |||
<40 | 834(37%) | 795(40%) | 39(15%) | ||
40–59 | 915(35%) | 817(35%) | 98(41%) | ||
≥60 | 849(28%) | 727(26%) | 122(44%) | ||
Gender | \(\:{\chi\:}^{2}\)=32.693 | < 0.001 | |||
male | 1288(50%) | 1218(53%) | 70(23%) | ||
female | 1310(50%) | 1121(47%) | 189(77%) | ||
Race | \(\:{\chi\:}^{2}\)=3.282 | 0.055 | |||
Mexican American | 341(8.8%) | 302(8.9%) | 39(7.4%) | ||
Non-Hispanic White | 957(65%) | 847(65%) | 110(72%) | ||
Non-Hispanic Black | 637(11%) | 599(12%) | 38(4.4%) | ||
Other | 663(15%) | 591(15%) | 72(17%) | ||
PIR | \(\:{\chi\:}^{2}\)=0.137 | 0.714 | |||
<2 | 1112(30%) | 1008(30%) | 104(28%) | ||
≥2 | 1486(70%) | 1331(70%) | 155(72%) | ||
Diabetes | 410(11%) | 338(10.0%) | 72(19%) | \(\:{\chi\:}^{2}\)=18.379 | < 0.001 |
Renal Disease | 96(3.2%) | 75(3.0%) | 21(5.2%) | \(\:{\chi\:}^{2}\)=5.027 | 0.034 |
Fatty Liver | \(\:{\chi\:}^{2}\)=3.454 | 0.058 | |||
No | 1445(57%) | 1347(58%) | 98(45%) | ||
Mild | 385(15%) | 338(15%) | 47(20%) | ||
Severe | 768(28%) | 654(27%) | 114(35%) | ||
Asthma | 410(14%) | 356(14%) | 54(15%) | \(\:{\chi\:}^{2}\)=0.002 | 0.958 |
Coronary Heart Disease | 106(3.6%) | 88(3.6%) | 18(3.4%) | \(\:{\chi\:}^{2}\)=0.027 | 0.872 |
Cancer | 253(11%) | 216(10%) | 37(15%) | \(\:{\chi\:}^{2}\)=2.537 | 0.124 |
Smoking | 1114(43%) | 989(42%) | 125(50%) | \(\:{\chi\:}^{2}\)=2.988 | 0.096 |
PA | \(\:{\chi\:}^{2}\)=5.306 | 0.03 | |||
<600 | 898(29%) | 780(28%) | 118(39%) | ||
≥600 | 1700(71%) | 1559(72%) | 141(61%) | ||
Sleep duration | \(\:{\chi\:}^{2}\)=0.704 | 0.461 | |||
<7 | 665(23%) | 590(23%) | 75(28%) | ||
7–9 | 1678(69%) | 1522(69%) | 156(63%) | ||
>9 | 255(8.0%) | 227(7.8%) | 28(9.5%) | ||
Drinking | 2396(94%) | 2153(94%) | 243(95%) | \(\:{\chi\:}^{2}\)=0.156 | 0.696 |
Hypertension | 965(31%) | 821(29%) | 144(46%) | \(\:{\chi\:}^{2}\)=8.220 | 0.008 |
UCREA | 10,962(6,365,16,089) | 11,050(6,542,16,177) | 9,724(5,039,14,940) | DBKW=-2.329 | 0.029 |
BUN | 5.00(3.93,6.07) | 5.00(3.93,6.07) | 5.00(4.28,6.07) | DBKW = 0.659 | 0.516 |
SCr | 74(64,86) | 75(64,87) | 69(60,80) | DBKW=-3.982 | < 0.001 |
TB | 6.8(5.1,10.3) | 6.8(5.1,10.3) | 6.8(5.1,10.3) | DBKW = 0.245 | 0.808 |
TC | 4.71(4.11,5.43) | 4.71(4.09,5.43) | 4.76(4.11,5.46) | DBKW = 0.430 | 0.671 |
TG | 1.17(0.84,1.73) | 1.15(0.82,1.71) | 1.34(0.95,1.84) | DBKW = 2.575 | 0.017 |
BUA | 315(262,369) | 315(262,369) | 315(268,375) | DBKW = 0.751 | 0.46 |
Total energy | 2,063(1,512,2,742) | 2,087(1,563,2,775) | 1,760(1,294,2,355) | DBKW=-3.547 | 0.002 |
Total protein | 77(54,104) | 78(55,106) | 63(44,92) | DBKW=-3.938 | < 0.001 |
Total carbohydrate | 230(164,311) | 231(167,314) | 212(140,296) | DBKW=-2.432 | 0.023 |
Total sugar | 92(57,137) | 92(57,137) | 91(50,131) | DBKW=-0.442 | 0.662 |
Total fat | 81(57,116) | 83(59,117) | 69(48,100) | DBKW=-2.617 | 0.015 |
Total water | 2,797(2,041,3,792) | 2,820(2,062,3,837) | 2,667(1,806,3,540) | DBKW=-2.140 | 0.043 |
VA | 491(265,768) | 494(264,774) | 460(265,695) | DBKW=-1.037 | 0.31 |
VB6 | 1.73(1.14,2.44) | 1.77(1.17,2.49) | 1.42(0.89,2.20) | DBKW=-5.067 | < 0.001 |
VB12 | 3.6(2.0,5.7) | 3.7(2.1,5.8) | 3.2(1.5,4.9) | DBKW=-2.557 | 0.017 |
VC | 45(19,103) | 47(20,106) | 36(15,74) | DBKW=-2.476 | 0.021 |
VD | 2.9(1.1,5.3) | 2.9(1.1,5.3) | 2.7(0.9,5.6) | DBKW=-0.707 | 0.487 |