Table 1 The characteristics of included patients stratified by 28-day survival outcomes
Variables | Total | 28-day survival | 28-day non-survival | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 873) | (n = 696) | (n = 177) | ||
LHR | 1.7 (1.2, 2.4) | 1.8 (1.3, 2.6) | 1.5 (1.1, 2.0) | < 0.001 |
Demographic variables | ||||
Age, years | 71 (60, 81) | 69 (58, 80) | 79 (69, 85) | < 0.001 |
Weight, kg | 77.8 (64.5, 93.0) | 79.0 (65.7, 95.0) | 73.0 (58.5, 83.4) | < 0.001 |
Male | 472 (54.1) | 393 (56.5) | 79 (44.6) | 0.005 |
Ethnicity (White) | 482 (55.2) | 390 (56) | 92 (52) | 0.332 |
Clinical severity | ||||
GCS | 12 (8, 14) | 13 (9, 14) | 8 (6, 13) | < 0.001 |
SOFA | 4 (2, 6) | 3 (2, 5) | 5 (4, 7) | < 0.001 |
SAPS-II | 31 (24, 39) | 29 (24, 36) | 39 (33, 45) | < 0.001 |
OASIS | 32 (26, 38) | 31 (25, 36) | 38 (33, 43) | < 0.001 |
Comorbidities | ||||
IVH | 131 (15.0) | 91 (13.1) | 40 (22.6) | 0.002 |
Hypertension | 158 (18.1) | 132 (19) | 26 (14.7) | 0.187 |
Diabetes | 250 (28.6) | 195 (28) | 55 (31.1) | 0.422 |
COPD | 94 (10.8) | 79 (11.4) | 15 (8.5) | 0.27 |
Myocardial infarct | 92 (10.5) | 69 (9.9) | 23 (13) | 0.233 |
CHF | 143 (16.4) | 104 (14.9) | 39 (22) | 0.023 |
PVD | 54 (6.2) | 47 (6.8) | 7 (4) | 0.168 |
Renal failure | 125 (14.3) | 93 (13.4) | 32 (18.1) | 0.11 |
Hepatic disorders | 10 (1.1) | 5 (0.7) | 5 (2.8) | 0.034 |
Sepsis | 292 (33.4) | 199 (28.6) | 93 (52.5) | < 0.001 |
Laboratory tests | ||||
WBC, 109/L | 9.0 (7.1, 11.4) | 8.6 (7, 11) | 10 (7.6, 13) | < 0.001 |
Hb, g/L | 12.2 ± 1.9 | 12.4 ± 1.9 | 11.6 ± 2.0 | 0.003 |
Hematocrit, vol% | 37.0 ± 5.5 | 37.4 ± 5.4 | 35.4 ± 5.8 | 0.014 |
Platelets, 109/L | 201 (161, 250) | 204 (166, 251.2) | 184 (137, 233) | < 0.001 |
Glucose, mg/dL | 139.8 ± 61.2 | 133.9 ± 54.4 | 163.1 ± 78.8 | < 0.001 |
Sodium, mmol/L | 138.2 ± 4.0 | 138.3 ± 3.9 | 138.2 ± 4.5 | 0.776 |
Potassium, mmol/L | 3.8 (3.5, 4.1) | 3.8 (3.5, 4.1) | 3.9 (3.4, 4.2) | 0.527 |
Serum creatinine, mg/dL | 0.9 (0.7, 1.1) | 0.8 (0.7, 1.0) | 0.9 (0.7, 1.4) | 0.03 |
Urea nitrogen, mg/dL | 15 (11, 20) | 14 (11, 20) | 18 (13, 23) | < 0.001 |
PT, s | 12.2 (11.3, 13.2) | 12.1 (11.3, 13.0) | 12.7 (11.8, 13.8) | < 0.001 |
APTT, s | 27.3 (24.8, 30.0) | 27.3 (25.1, 29.9) | 26.7 (24.0, 30.2) | 0.175 |
Treatments | ||||
Cerebral surgery | 94 (10.8) | 66 (9.5) | 28 (15.8) | 0.015 |
Mechanical ventilation | 352 (40.3) | 176 (25.3) | 176 (99.4) | < 0.001 |
Statins | 307 (35.4) | 260 (37.6) | 47 (26.7) | 0.007 |
Vasopressor | 225 (25.8) | 49 (7) | 176 (99.4) | < 0.001 |