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Fig. 1 | Lipids in Health and Disease

Fig. 1

From: Omega-3 fatty acid regulation of lipoprotein lipase and FAT/CD36 and its impact on white adipose tissue lipid uptake

Fig. 1

Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Regulation of White Adipose Tissue Lipid Uptake. TRL in circulation are hydrolyzed by endothelial-bound LPL to release fatty acid (including N-3 PUFA), which are then taken up by adipocytes by fatty acid transporters and re-esterified for storage or oxidized for energy. N-3 PUFA also function as ligands for GPR120, which is reported to increase PPARγ expression. N-3 PUFA are also purported to reduce circulating APO C-III levels, a component of TRL that inhibits LPL. Additionally, N-3 PUFA have been shown to reduce circulating APO C-II levels when they are elevated in metabolically unhealthy states. N-3 PUFA serve as ligands for PPARγ to promote its transcriptional activity and increase CD36 and LPL expression. N-3 PUFA may also modify levels of ANGPTL4/8 in circulation; however, this is not well studied. Solid lines correspond to effects well supported in the literature, while dotted lines indicate emerging areas of regulation, where arrows indicate an activation and blunt arrows indicate an inhibition. ANGPTL4: Angiopoietin-like Protein 4; ANGPTL8: Angiopoietin-like Protein 8; APO C-II: Apolipoprotein C2; APO C-III: Apolipoprotein C3; FA: fatty acid; FABP: Fatty Acid Binding Protein; FAT/CD36: Fatty Acid Translocase/Cluster of Differentiation 36; GPR120: G-protein Coupled Receptor 120; LPL: Lipoprotein Lipase; N-3 PUFA: Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid; PPARγ: Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma; TAG: Triacylglycerol; TRL: Triacylglycerol-rich Lipoprotein. Created in BioRender. Mutch, D. (2024) https://BioRender.com/m31z704

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Lipids in Health and Disease

ISSN: 1476-511X