Table 1 Study population characteristics categorized by α1 acid glycoprotein (AGP)
Variables | Total (n = 2295) | AGP (mg/dL) | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low (n = 1004) | Middle (n = 1002) | High (n = 1009) | |||
AGP (mg/dL), Mean ± SD | 77.73 ± 24.05 | 53.13 ± 8.87 | 75.21 ± 5.73 | 104.71 ± 16.74 | < 0.001 |
Age (year), Mean ± SD | 28.84 ± 11.40 | 27.39 ± 10.85 | 29.20 ± 11.49 | 30.71 ± 11.43 | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2), n (%) | - | ||||
< 25 | 1274 (32.85%) | 547 (55.36%) | 319 (32.29%) | 122 (12.35%) | |
25–30 | 1309 (33.75%) | 280 (28.06%) | 412 (41.28%) | 306 (30.66%) | |
> 30 | 1295 (33.39%) | 128 (12.80%) | 298 (29.80%) | 574 (57.40%) | |
TPF (%), Mean ± SD | 37.32 ± 6.81 | 32.87 ± 5.80 | 37.96 ± 5.74 | 41.54 ± 5.61 | < 0.001 |
APF (%), Mean ± SD | 37.26 ± 8.70 | 31.78 ± 7.61 | 37.84 ± 7.54 | 42.47 ± 6.96 | < 0.001 |
GPF (%), Mean ± SD | 41.19 ± 5.52 | 38.26 ± 5.19 | 41.68 ± 4.77 | 43.80 ± 4.83 | < 0.001 |
AGR (%), Mean ± SD | 41.11 ± 13.51 | 34.56 ± 10.80 | 41.45 ± 12.85 | 48.31 ± 13.57 | < 0.001 |
SPF (%), Mean ± SD | 6.38 ± 0.87 | 6.22 ± 0.87 | 6.44 ± 0.89 | 6.51 ± 0.81 | < 0.001 |
VPF (%), Mean ± SD | 1.26 ± 0.53 | 1.11 ± 0.47 | 1.27 ± 0.53 | 1.44 ± 0.55 | < 0.001 |
VSR (%), Mean ± SD | 19.62 ± 8.19 | 17.75 ± 6.98 | 19.78 ± 8.10 | 22.15 ± 9.20 | < 0.001 |
Total Cholesterol(mg/dL), Mean ± SD | 177.88 ± 37.16 | 176.45 ± 38.61 | 176.72 ± 34.75 | 180.90 ± 38.35 | 0.012 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL), Mean ± SD | 110.90 ± 75.05 | 95.63 ± 67.33 | 112.19 ± 76.93 | 128.05 ± 76.16 | < 0.001 |
Albumin (g/dL), Mean ± SD | 4.15 ± 0.38 | 4.20 ± 0.41 | 4.18 ± 0.35 | 4.07 ± 0.34 | < 0.001 |
Energy intake (kcal), Mean ± SD | 1880.80 ± 832.88 | 1951.37 ± 819.37 | 1873.27 ± 798.85 | 1845.20 ± 817.27 | 0.014 |
ratio of family income to poverty (%), Mean ± SD | 2.28 ± 1.59 | 2.56 ± 1.65 | 2.27 ± 1.56 | 2.08 ± 1.51 | < 0.001 |
Smoke, n (%) | - | ||||
Yes | 783 (26.06%) | 154 (20.18%) | 197 (25.99%) | 306 (37.55%) | |
No | 2222 (73.94%) | 609 (79.82%) | 561 (74.01%) | 509 (62.45%) | |
Hypertension, n (%) | - | ||||
Yes | 456 (13.71%) | 67 (7.90%) | 115 (13.50%) | 168 (18.69%) | |
No | 2869 (86.29%) | 781 (92.10%) | 737 (86.50%) | 731 (81.31%) | |
High cholesterol level, n (%) | - | ||||
Yes | 413 (12.42%) | 94 (11.08%) | 109 (12.79%) | 140 (15.59%) | |
No | 2912 (87.58%) | 754 (88.92%) | 743 (87.21%) | 758 (84.41%) | |
Diabetes, n (%) | - | ||||
Yes | 151 (3.90%) | 18 (1.81%) | 44 (4.46%) | 61 (6.17%) | |
No | 3718 (96.10%) | 974 (98.19%) | 943 (95.54%) | 927 (93.83%) | |
Physical Activity, n (%) | - | ||||
Vigorous | 561 (16.15%) | 124 (13.93%) | 154 (17.68%) | 173 (18.89%) | |
Moderate | 869 (25.02%) | 231 (25.96%) | 214 (24.57%) | 248 (27.07%) | |
Less than moderate | 2043 (58.83%) | 535 (60.11%) | 503 (57.75%) | 495 (54.04%) | |
Education, n (%) | - | ||||
Less than high school | 1427 (36.41%) | 360 (35.93%) | 385 (38.50%) | 330 (32.74%) | |
High school or GED General educational development | 667 (17.02%) | 144 (14.37%) | 166 (16.60%) | 202 (20.04%) | |
Above high school | 1825 (46.57%) | 498 (49.70%) | 449 (44.90%) | 476 (47.22%) | |
Marital status, n (%) | - | ||||
Married or living with partner | 2116 (63.26%) | 560 (66.83%) | 514 (60.97%) | 548 (61.57%) | |
Living alone | 1229 (36.74%) | 278 (33.17%) | 329 (39.03%) | 342 (38.43%) | |
Race, n (%) | - | ||||
Mexican American | 722 (18.39%) | 170 (16.93%) | 226 (22.55%) | 197 (19.52%) | |
Other Hispanic | 427 (10.87%) | 94 (9.36%) | 136 (13.57%) | 95 (9.42%) | |
Non-Hispanic White | 1125 (28.65%) | 299 (29.78%) | 270 (26.95%) | 373 (36.97%) | |
Non-Hispanic Black | 912 (23.22%) | 186 (18.53%) | 203 (20.26%) | 225 (22.30%) | |
Other Race | 741 (18.87%) | 255 (25.40%) | 167 (16.67%) | 119 (11.79%) | |